moids-misc.c

     
   1  //! @file moids-misc.c
   2  //! @author J. Marcel van der Veer
   3  
   4  //! @section Copyright
   5  //!
   6  //! This file is part of Algol68G - an Algol 68 compiler-interpreter.
   7  //! Copyright 2001-2024 J. Marcel van der Veer [algol68g@xs4all.nl].
   8  
   9  //! @section License
  10  //!
  11  //! This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 
  12  //! under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the 
  13  //! Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or 
  14  //! (at your option) any later version.
  15  //!
  16  //! This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 
  17  //! WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY 
  18  //! or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for 
  19  //! more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public 
  20  //! License along with this program. If not, see [http://www.gnu.org/licenses/].
  21  
  22  //! @section Synopsis
  23  //!
  24  //! Miscellaneous MOID routines.
  25  
  26  #include "a68g.h"
  27  #include "a68g-parser.h"
  28  #include "a68g-moids.h"
  29  
  30  // MODE checker routines.
  31  
  32  //! @brief Absorb nested series modes recursively.
  33  
  34  void absorb_series_pack (MOID_T ** p)
  35  {
  36    BOOL_T siga;
  37    do {
  38      PACK_T *z = NO_PACK;
  39      siga = A68_FALSE;
  40      for (PACK_T *t = PACK (*p); t != NO_PACK; FORWARD (t)) {
  41        if (MOID (t) != NO_MOID && IS (MOID (t), SERIES_MODE)) {
  42          siga = A68_TRUE;
  43          for (PACK_T *s = PACK (MOID (t)); s != NO_PACK; FORWARD (s)) {
  44            add_mode_to_pack (&z, MOID (s), NO_TEXT, NODE (s));
  45          }
  46        } else {
  47          add_mode_to_pack (&z, MOID (t), NO_TEXT, NODE (t));
  48        }
  49      }
  50      PACK (*p) = z;
  51    } while (siga);
  52  }
  53  
  54  //! @brief Make SERIES (u, v).
  55  
  56  MOID_T *make_series_from_moids (MOID_T * u, MOID_T * v)
  57  {
  58    MOID_T *x = new_moid ();
  59    ATTRIBUTE (x) = SERIES_MODE;
  60    add_mode_to_pack (&(PACK (x)), u, NO_TEXT, NODE (u));
  61    add_mode_to_pack (&(PACK (x)), v, NO_TEXT, NODE (v));
  62    absorb_series_pack (&x);
  63    DIM (x) = count_pack_members (PACK (x));
  64    (void) register_extra_mode (&TOP_MOID (&A68_JOB), x);
  65    if (DIM (x) == 1) {
  66      return MOID (PACK (x));
  67    } else {
  68      return x;
  69    }
  70  }
  71  
  72  //! @brief Absorb firmly related unions in mode.
  73  
  74  MOID_T *absorb_related_subsets (MOID_T * m)
  75  {
  76  // For instance invalid UNION (PROC REF UNION (A, B), A, B) -> valid UNION (A, B),
  77  // which is used in balancing conformity clauses.
  78    BOOL_T siga;
  79    do {
  80      PACK_T *u = NO_PACK;
  81      siga = A68_FALSE;
  82      for (PACK_T *v = PACK (m); v != NO_PACK; FORWARD (v)) {
  83        MOID_T *n = depref_completely (MOID (v));
  84        if (IS (n, UNION_SYMBOL) && is_subset (n, m, SAFE_DEFLEXING)) {
  85  // Unpack it.
  86          for (PACK_T *w = PACK (n); w != NO_PACK; FORWARD (w)) {
  87            add_mode_to_pack (&u, MOID (w), NO_TEXT, NODE (w));
  88          }
  89          siga = A68_TRUE;
  90        } else {
  91          add_mode_to_pack (&u, MOID (v), NO_TEXT, NODE (v));
  92        }
  93      }
  94      PACK (m) = absorb_union_pack (u);
  95    } while (siga);
  96    return m;
  97  }
  98  
  99  //! @brief Absorb nested series and united modes recursively.
 100  
 101  void absorb_series_union_pack (MOID_T ** p)
 102  {
 103    BOOL_T siga;
 104    do {
 105      PACK_T *z = NO_PACK;
 106      siga = A68_FALSE;
 107      for (PACK_T *t = PACK (*p); t != NO_PACK; FORWARD (t)) {
 108        if (MOID (t) != NO_MOID && (IS (MOID (t), SERIES_MODE) || IS (MOID (t), UNION_SYMBOL))) {
 109          siga = A68_TRUE;
 110          for (PACK_T *s = PACK (MOID (t)); s != NO_PACK; FORWARD (s)) {
 111            add_mode_to_pack (&z, MOID (s), NO_TEXT, NODE (s));
 112          }
 113        } else {
 114          add_mode_to_pack (&z, MOID (t), NO_TEXT, NODE (t));
 115        }
 116      }
 117      PACK (*p) = z;
 118    } while (siga);
 119  }
 120  
 121  //! @brief Make united mode, from mode that is a SERIES (..).
 122  
 123  MOID_T *make_united_mode (MOID_T * m)
 124  {
 125    if (m == NO_MOID) {
 126      return M_ERROR;
 127    } else if (ATTRIBUTE (m) != SERIES_MODE) {
 128      return m;
 129    }
 130  // Do not unite a single UNION.
 131    if (DIM (m) == 1 && IS (MOID (PACK (m)), UNION_SYMBOL)) {
 132      return MOID (PACK (m));
 133    }
 134  // Straighten the series.
 135    absorb_series_union_pack (&m);
 136  // Copy the series into a UNION.
 137    MOID_T *u = new_moid ();
 138    ATTRIBUTE (u) = UNION_SYMBOL;
 139    PACK (u) = NO_PACK;
 140    for (PACK_T *w = PACK (m); w != NO_PACK; FORWARD (w)) {
 141      add_mode_to_pack (&(PACK (u)), MOID (w), NO_TEXT, NODE (m));
 142    }
 143  // Absorb and contract the new UNION.
 144    absorb_series_union_pack (&u);
 145    DIM (u) = count_pack_members (PACK (u));
 146    PACK (u) = absorb_union_pack (PACK (u));
 147    contract_union (u);
 148    DIM (u) = count_pack_members (PACK (u));
 149  // A UNION of one mode is that mode itself.
 150    if (DIM (u) == 1) {
 151      return MOID (PACK (u));
 152    } else {
 153      return register_extra_mode (&TOP_MOID (&A68_JOB), u);
 154    }
 155  }
 156  
 157  //! @brief Make SOID data structure.
 158  
 159  void make_soid (SOID_T * s, int sort, MOID_T * type, int attribute)
 160  {
 161    ATTRIBUTE (s) = attribute;
 162    SORT (s) = sort;
 163    MOID (s) = type;
 164    CAST (s) = A68_FALSE;
 165  }
 166  
 167  //! @brief Whether mode is not well defined.
 168  
 169  BOOL_T is_mode_isnt_well (MOID_T * p)
 170  {
 171    if (p == NO_MOID) {
 172      return A68_TRUE;
 173    } else if (!IF_MODE_IS_WELL (p)) {
 174      return A68_TRUE;
 175    } else if (PACK (p) != NO_PACK) {
 176      for (PACK_T *q = PACK (p); q != NO_PACK; FORWARD (q)) {
 177        if (!IF_MODE_IS_WELL (MOID (q))) {
 178          return A68_TRUE;
 179        }
 180      }
 181    }
 182    return A68_FALSE;
 183  }
 184  
 185  //! @brief Add SOID data to free chain.
 186  
 187  void free_soid_list (SOID_T * root)
 188  {
 189    if (root != NO_SOID) {
 190      SOID_T *q = root;
 191      for (; NEXT (q) != NO_SOID; FORWARD (q)) {
 192        ;
 193      }
 194      NEXT (q) = A68 (top_soid_list);
 195      A68 (top_soid_list) = root;
 196    }
 197  }
 198  
 199  //! @brief Add SOID data structure to soid list.
 200  
 201  void add_to_soid_list (SOID_T ** root, NODE_T * where, SOID_T * soid)
 202  {
 203    if (*root != NO_SOID) {
 204      add_to_soid_list (&(NEXT (*root)), where, soid);
 205    } else {
 206      SOID_T *new_one;
 207      if (A68 (top_soid_list) == NO_SOID) {
 208        new_one = (SOID_T *) get_temp_heap_space ((size_t) SIZE_ALIGNED (SOID_T));
 209      } else {
 210        new_one = A68 (top_soid_list);
 211        FORWARD (A68 (top_soid_list));
 212      }
 213      make_soid (new_one, SORT (soid), MOID (soid), 0);
 214      NODE (new_one) = where;
 215      NEXT (new_one) = NO_SOID;
 216      *root = new_one;
 217    }
 218  }
 219  
 220  //! @brief Pack soids in moid, gather resulting moids from terminators in a clause.
 221  
 222  MOID_T *pack_soids_in_moid (SOID_T * top_sl, int attribute)
 223  {
 224    MOID_T *x = new_moid ();
 225    PACK_T *t, **p;
 226    ATTRIBUTE (x) = attribute;
 227    DIM (x) = 0;
 228    SUB (x) = NO_MOID;
 229    EQUIVALENT (x) = NO_MOID;
 230    SLICE (x) = NO_MOID;
 231    DEFLEXED (x) = NO_MOID;
 232    NAME (x) = NO_MOID;
 233    NEXT (x) = NO_MOID;
 234    PACK (x) = NO_PACK;
 235    p = &(PACK (x));
 236    for (; top_sl != NO_SOID; FORWARD (top_sl)) {
 237      t = new_pack ();
 238      MOID (t) = MOID (top_sl);
 239      TEXT (t) = NO_TEXT;
 240      NODE (t) = NODE (top_sl);
 241      NEXT (t) = NO_PACK;
 242      DIM (x)++;
 243      *p = t;
 244      p = &NEXT (t);
 245    }
 246    (void) register_extra_mode (&TOP_MOID (&A68_JOB), x);
 247    return x;
 248  }
 249  
 250  //! @brief Whether "p" is compatible with "q".
 251  
 252  BOOL_T is_equal_modes (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 253  {
 254    if (deflex == FORCE_DEFLEXING) {
 255      return DEFLEX (p) == DEFLEX (q);
 256    } else if (deflex == ALIAS_DEFLEXING) {
 257      if (IS (p, REF_SYMBOL) && IS (q, REF_SYMBOL)) {
 258        return p == q || DEFLEX (p) == q;
 259      } else if (!IS (p, REF_SYMBOL) && !IS (q, REF_SYMBOL)) {
 260        return DEFLEX (p) == DEFLEX (q);
 261      }
 262    } else if (deflex == SAFE_DEFLEXING) {
 263      if (!IS (p, REF_SYMBOL) && !IS (q, REF_SYMBOL)) {
 264        return DEFLEX (p) == DEFLEX (q);
 265      }
 266    }
 267    return p == q;
 268  }
 269  
 270  //! @brief Whether mode is deprefable.
 271  
 272  BOOL_T is_deprefable (MOID_T * p)
 273  {
 274    if (IS_REF (p)) {
 275      return A68_TRUE;
 276    } else {
 277      return (BOOL_T) (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK);
 278    }
 279  }
 280  
 281  //! @brief Depref mode once.
 282  
 283  MOID_T *depref_once (MOID_T * p)
 284  {
 285    if (IS_REF_FLEX (p)) {
 286      return SUB_SUB (p);
 287    } else if (IS_REF (p)) {
 288      return SUB (p);
 289    } else if (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
 290      return SUB (p);
 291    } else {
 292      return NO_MOID;
 293    }
 294  }
 295  
 296  //! @brief Depref mode completely.
 297  
 298  MOID_T *depref_completely (MOID_T * p)
 299  {
 300    while (is_deprefable (p)) {
 301      p = depref_once (p);
 302    }
 303    return p;
 304  }
 305  
 306  //! @brief Deproc_completely.
 307  
 308  MOID_T *deproc_completely (MOID_T * p)
 309  {
 310    while (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
 311      p = depref_once (p);
 312    }
 313    return p;
 314  }
 315  
 316  //! @brief Depref rows.
 317  
 318  MOID_T *depref_rows (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
 319  {
 320    if (q == M_ROWS) {
 321      while (is_deprefable (p)) {
 322        p = depref_once (p);
 323      }
 324      return p;
 325    } else {
 326      return q;
 327    }
 328  }
 329  
 330  //! @brief Derow mode, strip FLEX and BOUNDS.
 331  
 332  MOID_T *derow (MOID_T * p)
 333  {
 334    if (IS_ROW (p) || IS_FLEX (p)) {
 335      return derow (SUB (p));
 336    } else {
 337      return p;
 338    }
 339  }
 340  
 341  //! @brief Whether rows type.
 342  
 343  BOOL_T is_rows_type (MOID_T * p)
 344  {
 345    switch (ATTRIBUTE (p)) {
 346    case ROW_SYMBOL:
 347    case FLEX_SYMBOL: {
 348        return A68_TRUE;
 349      }
 350    case UNION_SYMBOL: {
 351        PACK_T *t = PACK (p);
 352        BOOL_T siga = A68_TRUE;
 353        while (t != NO_PACK && siga) {
 354          siga &= is_rows_type (MOID (t));
 355          FORWARD (t);
 356        }
 357        return siga;
 358      }
 359    default: {
 360        return A68_FALSE;
 361      }
 362    }
 363  }
 364  
 365  //! @brief Whether mode is PROC (REF FILE) VOID or FORMAT.
 366  
 367  BOOL_T is_proc_ref_file_void_or_format (const MOID_T * p)
 368  {
 369    if (p == M_PROC_REF_FILE_VOID) {
 370      return A68_TRUE;
 371    } else if (p == M_FORMAT) {
 372      return A68_TRUE;
 373    } else {
 374      return A68_FALSE;
 375    }
 376  }
 377  
 378  //! @brief Whether mode can be transput.
 379  
 380  BOOL_T is_transput_mode (MOID_T * p, char rw)
 381  {
 382    if (p == M_INT) {
 383      return A68_TRUE;
 384    } else if (p == M_LONG_INT) {
 385      return A68_TRUE;
 386    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_INT) {
 387      return A68_TRUE;
 388    } else if (p == M_REAL) {
 389      return A68_TRUE;
 390    } else if (p == M_LONG_REAL) {
 391      return A68_TRUE;
 392    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_REAL) {
 393      return A68_TRUE;
 394    } else if (p == M_BOOL) {
 395      return A68_TRUE;
 396    } else if (p == M_CHAR) {
 397      return A68_TRUE;
 398    } else if (p == M_BITS) {
 399      return A68_TRUE;
 400    } else if (p == M_LONG_BITS) {
 401      return A68_TRUE;
 402    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_BITS) {
 403      return A68_TRUE;
 404    } else if (p == M_COMPLEX) {
 405      return A68_TRUE;
 406    } else if (p == M_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 407      return A68_TRUE;
 408    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 409      return A68_TRUE;
 410    } else if (p == M_ROW_CHAR) {
 411      return A68_TRUE;
 412    } else if (p == M_STRING) {
 413      return A68_TRUE;
 414    } else if (p == M_SOUND) {
 415      return A68_TRUE;
 416    } else if (IS (p, UNION_SYMBOL) || IS (p, STRUCT_SYMBOL)) {
 417      for (PACK_T *q = PACK (p); q != NO_PACK; FORWARD (q)) {
 418        if (! (is_transput_mode (MOID (q), rw) || is_proc_ref_file_void_or_format (MOID (q)))) {
 419          return A68_FALSE;
 420        }
 421      }
 422      return A68_TRUE;
 423    } else if (IS_FLEX (p)) {
 424      if (SUB (p) == M_ROW_CHAR) {
 425        return A68_TRUE;
 426      } else {
 427        return (BOOL_T) (rw == 'w' ? is_transput_mode (SUB (p), rw) : A68_FALSE);
 428      }
 429    } else if (IS_ROW (p)) {
 430      return (BOOL_T) (is_transput_mode (SUB (p), rw) || is_proc_ref_file_void_or_format (SUB (p)));
 431    } else {
 432      return A68_FALSE;
 433    }
 434  }
 435  
 436  //! @brief Whether mode is printable.
 437  
 438  BOOL_T is_printable_mode (MOID_T * p)
 439  {
 440    if (is_proc_ref_file_void_or_format (p)) {
 441      return A68_TRUE;
 442    } else {
 443      return is_transput_mode (p, 'w');
 444    }
 445  }
 446  
 447  //! @brief Whether mode is readable.
 448  
 449  BOOL_T is_readable_mode (MOID_T * p)
 450  {
 451    if (is_proc_ref_file_void_or_format (p)) {
 452      return A68_TRUE;
 453    } else if (IS_REF (p)) {
 454      return is_transput_mode (SUB (p), 'r');
 455    } else if (IS_UNION (p)) { 
 456      for (PACK_T *q = PACK (p); q != NO_PACK; FORWARD (q)) {
 457        if (!IS_REF (MOID (q))) {
 458          return A68_FALSE;
 459        } else if (!is_transput_mode (SUB (MOID (q)), 'r')) {
 460          return A68_FALSE;
 461        }
 462      }
 463      return A68_TRUE;
 464    } else {
 465      return A68_FALSE;
 466    }
 467  }
 468  
 469  //! @brief Whether name struct.
 470  
 471  BOOL_T is_name_struct (MOID_T * p)
 472  {
 473    return (BOOL_T) (NAME (p) != NO_MOID ? IS (DEFLEX (SUB (p)), STRUCT_SYMBOL) : A68_FALSE);
 474  }
 475  
 476  //! @brief Yield mode to unite to.
 477  
 478  MOID_T *unites_to (MOID_T * m, MOID_T * u)
 479  {
 480  // Uniting U (m).
 481    MOID_T *v = NO_MOID;
 482    if (u == M_SIMPLIN || u == M_SIMPLOUT) {
 483      return m;
 484    }
 485    for (PACK_T *p = PACK (u); p != NO_PACK; FORWARD (p)) {
 486  // Prefer []->[] over []->FLEX [].
 487      if (m == MOID (p)) {
 488        v = MOID (p);
 489      } else if (v == NO_MOID && DEFLEX (m) == DEFLEX (MOID (p))) {
 490        v = MOID (p);
 491      }
 492    }
 493    return v;
 494  }
 495  
 496  //! @brief Whether moid in pack.
 497  
 498  BOOL_T is_moid_in_pack (MOID_T * u, PACK_T * v, int deflex)
 499  {
 500    for (; v != NO_PACK; FORWARD (v)) {
 501      if (is_equal_modes (u, MOID (v), deflex)) {
 502        return A68_TRUE;
 503      }
 504    }
 505    return A68_FALSE;
 506  }
 507  
 508  //! @brief Whether "p" is a subset of "q".
 509  
 510  BOOL_T is_subset (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 511  {
 512    BOOL_T j = A68_TRUE;
 513    for (PACK_T *u = PACK (p); u != NO_PACK && j; FORWARD (u)) {
 514      j = (BOOL_T) (j && is_moid_in_pack (MOID (u), PACK (q), deflex));
 515    }
 516    return j;
 517  }
 518  
 519  //! @brief Whether "p" can be united to UNION "q".
 520  
 521  BOOL_T is_unitable (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 522  {
 523    if (IS (q, UNION_SYMBOL)) {
 524      if (IS (p, UNION_SYMBOL)) {
 525        return is_subset (p, q, deflex);
 526      } else {
 527        return is_moid_in_pack (p, PACK (q), deflex);
 528      }
 529    }
 530    return A68_FALSE;
 531  }
 532  
 533  //! @brief Whether all or some components of "u" can be firmly coerced to a component mode of "v"..
 534  
 535  void investigate_firm_relations (PACK_T * u, PACK_T * v, BOOL_T * all, BOOL_T * some)
 536  {
 537    *all = A68_TRUE;
 538    *some = A68_FALSE;
 539    for (; v != NO_PACK; FORWARD (v)) {
 540      BOOL_T k = A68_FALSE;
 541      for (PACK_T *w = u; w != NO_PACK; FORWARD (w)) {
 542        k |= is_coercible (MOID (w), MOID (v), FIRM, FORCE_DEFLEXING);
 543      }
 544      *some |= k;
 545      *all &= k;
 546    }
 547  }
 548  
 549  //! @brief Whether there is a soft path from "p" to "q".
 550  
 551  BOOL_T is_softly_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 552  {
 553    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 554      return A68_TRUE;
 555    } else if (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
 556      return is_softly_coercible (SUB (p), q, deflex);
 557    } else {
 558      return A68_FALSE;
 559    }
 560  }
 561  
 562  //! @brief Whether there is a weak path from "p" to "q".
 563  
 564  BOOL_T is_weakly_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 565  {
 566    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 567      return A68_TRUE;
 568    } else if (is_deprefable (p)) {
 569      return is_weakly_coercible (depref_once (p), q, deflex);
 570    } else {
 571      return A68_FALSE;
 572    }
 573  }
 574  
 575  //! @brief Whether there is a meek path from "p" to "q".
 576  
 577  BOOL_T is_meekly_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 578  {
 579    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 580      return A68_TRUE;
 581    } else if (is_deprefable (p)) {
 582      return is_meekly_coercible (depref_once (p), q, deflex);
 583    } else {
 584      return A68_FALSE;
 585    }
 586  }
 587  
 588  //! @brief Whether there is a firm path from "p" to "q".
 589  
 590  BOOL_T is_firmly_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 591  {
 592    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 593      return A68_TRUE;
 594    } else if (q == M_ROWS && is_rows_type (p)) {
 595      return A68_TRUE;
 596    } else if (is_unitable (p, q, deflex)) {
 597      return A68_TRUE;
 598    } else if (is_deprefable (p)) {
 599      return is_firmly_coercible (depref_once (p), q, deflex);
 600    } else {
 601      return A68_FALSE;
 602    }
 603  }
 604  
 605  //! @brief Whether firm.
 606  
 607  BOOL_T is_firm (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
 608  {
 609    return (BOOL_T) (is_firmly_coercible (p, q, SAFE_DEFLEXING) || is_firmly_coercible (q, p, SAFE_DEFLEXING));
 610  }
 611  
 612  //! @brief Whether "p" widens to "q".
 613  
 614  MOID_T *widens_to (const MOID_T * p, const MOID_T * q)
 615  {
 616    if (p == M_INT) {
 617      if (q == M_LONG_INT || q == M_LONG_LONG_INT || q == M_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_COMPLEX || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 618        return M_LONG_INT;
 619      } else if (q == M_REAL || q == M_COMPLEX) {
 620        return M_REAL;
 621      } else {
 622        return NO_MOID;
 623      }
 624    } else if (p == M_LONG_INT) {
 625      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_INT) {
 626        return M_LONG_LONG_INT;
 627      } else if (q == M_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_COMPLEX || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 628        return M_LONG_REAL;
 629      } else {
 630        return NO_MOID;
 631      }
 632    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_INT) {
 633      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 634        return M_LONG_LONG_REAL;
 635      } else {
 636        return NO_MOID;
 637      }
 638    } else if (p == M_REAL) {
 639      if (q == M_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_COMPLEX || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 640        return M_LONG_REAL;
 641      } else if (q == M_COMPLEX) {
 642        return M_COMPLEX;
 643      } else {
 644        return NO_MOID;
 645      }
 646    } else if (p == M_COMPLEX) {
 647      if (q == M_LONG_COMPLEX || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 648        return M_LONG_COMPLEX;
 649      } else {
 650        return NO_MOID;
 651      }
 652    } else if (p == M_LONG_REAL) {
 653      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_REAL || q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 654        return M_LONG_LONG_REAL;
 655      } else if (q == M_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 656        return M_LONG_COMPLEX;
 657      } else {
 658        return NO_MOID;
 659      }
 660    } else if (p == M_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 661      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 662        return M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX;
 663      } else {
 664        return NO_MOID;
 665      }
 666    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_REAL) {
 667      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX) {
 668        return M_LONG_LONG_COMPLEX;
 669      } else {
 670        return NO_MOID;
 671      }
 672    } else if (p == M_BITS) {
 673      if (q == M_LONG_BITS || q == M_LONG_LONG_BITS) {
 674        return M_LONG_BITS;
 675      } else if (q == M_ROW_BOOL) {
 676        return M_ROW_BOOL;
 677      } else if (q == M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL) {
 678        return M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL;
 679      } else {
 680        return NO_MOID;
 681      }
 682    } else if (p == M_LONG_BITS) {
 683      if (q == M_LONG_LONG_BITS) {
 684        return M_LONG_LONG_BITS;
 685      } else if (q == M_ROW_BOOL) {
 686        return M_ROW_BOOL;
 687      } else if (q == M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL) {
 688        return M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL;
 689      } else {
 690        return NO_MOID;
 691      }
 692    } else if (p == M_LONG_LONG_BITS) {
 693      if (q == M_ROW_BOOL) {
 694        return M_ROW_BOOL;
 695      } else if (q == M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL) {
 696        return M_FLEX_ROW_BOOL;
 697      } else {
 698        return NO_MOID;
 699      }
 700    } else if (p == M_BYTES && q == M_ROW_CHAR) {
 701      return M_ROW_CHAR;
 702    } else if (p == M_LONG_BYTES && q == M_ROW_CHAR) {
 703      return M_ROW_CHAR;
 704    } else if (p == M_BYTES && q == M_FLEX_ROW_CHAR) {
 705      return M_FLEX_ROW_CHAR;
 706    } else if (p == M_LONG_BYTES && q == M_FLEX_ROW_CHAR) {
 707      return M_FLEX_ROW_CHAR;
 708    } else {
 709      return NO_MOID;
 710    }
 711  }
 712  
 713  //! @brief Whether "p" widens to "q".
 714  
 715  BOOL_T is_widenable (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
 716  {
 717    MOID_T *z = widens_to (p, q);
 718    if (z != NO_MOID) {
 719      return (BOOL_T) (z == q ? A68_TRUE : is_widenable (z, q));
 720    } else {
 721      return A68_FALSE;
 722    }
 723  }
 724  
 725  //! @brief Whether "p" is a REF ROW.
 726  
 727  BOOL_T is_ref_row (MOID_T * p)
 728  {
 729    return (BOOL_T) (NAME (p) != NO_MOID ? IS_ROW (DEFLEX (SUB (p))) : A68_FALSE);
 730  }
 731  
 732  //! @brief Whether strong name.
 733  
 734  BOOL_T is_strong_name (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
 735  {
 736    if (p == q) {
 737      return A68_TRUE;
 738    } else if (is_ref_row (q)) {
 739      return is_strong_name (p, NAME (q));
 740    } else {
 741      return A68_FALSE;
 742    }
 743  }
 744  
 745  //! @brief Whether strong slice.
 746  
 747  BOOL_T is_strong_slice (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
 748  {
 749    if (p == q || is_widenable (p, q)) {
 750      return A68_TRUE;
 751    } else if (SLICE (q) != NO_MOID) {
 752      return is_strong_slice (p, SLICE (q));
 753    } else if (IS_FLEX (q)) {
 754      return is_strong_slice (p, SUB (q));
 755    } else if (is_ref_row (q)) {
 756      return is_strong_name (p, q);
 757    } else {
 758      return A68_FALSE;
 759    }
 760  }
 761  
 762  //! @brief Whether strongly coercible.
 763  
 764  BOOL_T is_strongly_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int deflex)
 765  {
 766  // Keep this sequence of statements.
 767    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 768      return A68_TRUE;
 769    } else if (q == M_VOID) {
 770      return A68_TRUE;
 771    } else if ((q == M_SIMPLIN || q == M_ROW_SIMPLIN) && is_readable_mode (p)) {
 772      return A68_TRUE;
 773    } else if (q == M_ROWS && is_rows_type (p)) {
 774      return A68_TRUE;
 775    } else if (is_unitable (p, derow (q), deflex)) {
 776      return A68_TRUE;
 777    }
 778    if (is_ref_row (q) && is_strong_name (p, q)) {
 779      return A68_TRUE;
 780    } else if (SLICE (q) != NO_MOID && is_strong_slice (p, q)) {
 781      return A68_TRUE;
 782    } else if (IS_FLEX (q) && is_strong_slice (p, q)) {
 783      return A68_TRUE;
 784    } else if (is_widenable (p, q)) {
 785      return A68_TRUE;
 786    } else if (is_deprefable (p)) {
 787      return is_strongly_coercible (depref_once (p), q, deflex);
 788    } else if (q == M_SIMPLOUT || q == M_ROW_SIMPLOUT) {
 789      return is_printable_mode (p);
 790    } else {
 791      return A68_FALSE;
 792    }
 793  }
 794  
 795  //! @brief Basic coercions.
 796  
 797  BOOL_T basic_coercions (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int c, int deflex)
 798  {
 799    if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 800      return A68_TRUE;
 801    } else if (c == NO_SORT) {
 802      return (BOOL_T) (p == q);
 803    } else if (c == SOFT) {
 804      return is_softly_coercible (p, q, deflex);
 805    } else if (c == WEAK) {
 806      return is_weakly_coercible (p, q, deflex);
 807    } else if (c == MEEK) {
 808      return is_meekly_coercible (p, q, deflex);
 809    } else if (c == FIRM) {
 810      return is_firmly_coercible (p, q, deflex);
 811    } else if (c == STRONG) {
 812      return is_strongly_coercible (p, q, deflex);
 813    } else {
 814      return A68_FALSE;
 815    }
 816  }
 817  
 818  //! @brief Whether coercible stowed.
 819  
 820  BOOL_T is_coercible_stowed (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int c, int deflex)
 821  {
 822    if (c != STRONG) {
 823  // Such construct is always in a strong position, is it not?
 824      return A68_FALSE;
 825    } else if (q == M_VOID) {
 826      return A68_TRUE;
 827    } else if (IS_FLEX (q)) {
 828      BOOL_T j = A68_TRUE;
 829      for (PACK_T *u = PACK (p); u != NO_PACK && j; FORWARD (u)) {
 830        j &= is_coercible (MOID (u), SLICE (SUB (q)), c, deflex);
 831      }
 832      return j;
 833    } else if (IS_ROW (q)) {
 834      BOOL_T j = A68_TRUE;
 835      for (PACK_T *u = PACK (p); u != NO_PACK && j; FORWARD (u)) {
 836        j &= is_coercible (MOID (u), SLICE (q), c, deflex);
 837      }
 838      return j;
 839    } else if (IS (q, PROC_SYMBOL) || IS (q, STRUCT_SYMBOL)) {
 840      if (DIM (p) != DIM (q)) {
 841        return A68_FALSE;
 842      } else {
 843        PACK_T *u = PACK (p), *v = PACK (q);
 844        BOOL_T j = A68_TRUE;
 845        while (u != NO_PACK && v != NO_PACK && j) {
 846          j &= is_coercible (MOID (u), MOID (v), c, deflex);
 847          FORWARD (u);
 848          FORWARD (v);
 849          }
 850        return j;
 851      }
 852    } else {
 853      return A68_FALSE;
 854    }
 855  }
 856  
 857  //! @brief Whether coercible series.
 858  
 859  BOOL_T is_coercible_series (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int c, int deflex)
 860  {
 861    if (c == NO_SORT) {
 862      return A68_FALSE;
 863    } else if (p == NO_MOID || q == NO_MOID) {
 864      return A68_FALSE;
 865    } else if (IS (p, SERIES_MODE) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
 866      return A68_FALSE;
 867    } else if (IS (q, SERIES_MODE) && PACK (q) == NO_PACK) {
 868      return A68_FALSE;
 869    } else if (PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
 870      return is_coercible (p, q, c, deflex);
 871    } else {
 872      BOOL_T j = A68_TRUE;
 873      for (PACK_T *u = PACK (p); u != NO_PACK && j; FORWARD (u)) {
 874        if (MOID (u) != NO_MOID) {
 875          j &= is_coercible (MOID (u), q, c, deflex);
 876        }
 877      }
 878      return j;
 879    }
 880  }
 881  
 882  //! @brief Whether "p" can be coerced to "q" in a "c" context.
 883  
 884  BOOL_T is_coercible (MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q, int c, int deflex)
 885  {
 886    if (is_mode_isnt_well (p) || is_mode_isnt_well (q)) {
 887      return A68_TRUE;
 888    } else if (is_equal_modes (p, q, deflex)) {
 889      return A68_TRUE;
 890    } else if (p == M_HIP) {
 891      return A68_TRUE;
 892    } else if (IS (p, STOWED_MODE)) {
 893      return is_coercible_stowed (p, q, c, deflex);
 894    } else if (IS (p, SERIES_MODE)) {
 895      return is_coercible_series (p, q, c, deflex);
 896    } else if (p == M_VACUUM && IS_ROW (DEFLEX (q))) {
 897      return A68_TRUE;
 898    } else {
 899      return basic_coercions (p, q, c, deflex);
 900    }
 901  }
 902  
 903  //! @brief Whether coercible in context.
 904  
 905  BOOL_T is_coercible_in_context (SOID_T * p, SOID_T * q, int deflex)
 906  {
 907    if (SORT (p) != SORT (q)) {
 908      return A68_FALSE;
 909    } else if (MOID (p) == MOID (q)) {
 910      return A68_TRUE;
 911    } else {
 912      return is_coercible (MOID (p), MOID (q), SORT (q), deflex);
 913    }
 914  }
 915  
 916  //! @brief Whether list "y" is balanced.
 917  
 918  BOOL_T is_balanced (NODE_T * n, SOID_T * y, int sort)
 919  {
 920    if (sort == STRONG) {
 921      return A68_TRUE;
 922    } else {
 923      BOOL_T k = A68_FALSE;
 924      for (; y != NO_SOID && !k; FORWARD (y)) {
 925        k = (BOOL_T) (!IS (MOID (y), STOWED_MODE));
 926      }
 927      if (k == A68_FALSE) {
 928        diagnostic (A68_ERROR, n, ERROR_NO_UNIQUE_MODE);
 929      }
 930      return k;
 931    }
 932  }
 933  
 934  //! @brief A moid from "m" to which all other members can be coerced.
 935  
 936  MOID_T *get_balanced_mode (MOID_T * m, int sort, BOOL_T return_depreffed, int deflex)
 937  {
 938    MOID_T *common_moid = NO_MOID;
 939    if (m != NO_MOID && !is_mode_isnt_well (m) && IS (m, UNION_SYMBOL)) {
 940      int depref_level;
 941      BOOL_T siga = A68_TRUE;
 942  // Test for increasing depreffing.
 943      for (depref_level = 0; siga; depref_level++) {
 944        siga = A68_FALSE;
 945  // Test the whole pack.
 946        for (PACK_T *p = PACK (m); p != NO_PACK; FORWARD (p)) {
 947  // HIPs are not eligible of course.
 948          if (MOID (p) != M_HIP) {
 949            MOID_T *candidate = MOID (p);
 950            int k;
 951  // Depref as far as allowed.
 952            for (k = depref_level; k > 0 && is_deprefable (candidate); k--) {
 953              candidate = depref_once (candidate);
 954            }
 955  // Only need testing if all allowed deprefs succeeded.
 956            if (k == 0) {
 957              MOID_T *to = (return_depreffed ? depref_completely (candidate) : candidate);
 958              BOOL_T all_coercible = A68_TRUE;
 959              siga = A68_TRUE;
 960              for (PACK_T *q = PACK (m); q != NO_PACK && all_coercible; FORWARD (q)) {
 961                MOID_T *from = MOID (q);
 962                if (p != q && from != to) {
 963                  all_coercible &= is_coercible (from, to, sort, deflex);
 964                }
 965              }
 966  // If the pack is coercible to the candidate, we mark the candidate.
 967  // We continue searching for longest series of REF REF PROC REF.
 968              if (all_coercible) {
 969                MOID_T *mark = (return_depreffed ? MOID (p) : candidate);
 970                if (common_moid == NO_MOID) {
 971                  common_moid = mark;
 972                } else if (IS_FLEX (candidate) && DEFLEX (candidate) == common_moid) {
 973  // We prefer FLEX.
 974                  common_moid = mark;
 975                }
 976              }
 977            }
 978          }
 979        }                         // for
 980      }                           // for
 981    }
 982    return common_moid == NO_MOID ? m : common_moid;
 983  }
 984  
 985  //! @brief Whether we can search a common mode from a clause or not.
 986  
 987  BOOL_T clause_allows_balancing (int att)
 988  {
 989    switch (att) {
 990    case CLOSED_CLAUSE:
 991    case CONDITIONAL_CLAUSE:
 992    case CASE_CLAUSE:
 993    case SERIAL_CLAUSE:
 994    case CONFORMITY_CLAUSE: {
 995        return A68_TRUE;
 996      }
 997    }
 998    return A68_FALSE;
 999  }
1000  
1001  //! @brief A unique mode from "z".
1002  
1003  MOID_T *determine_unique_mode (SOID_T * z, int deflex)
1004  {
1005    if (z == NO_SOID) {
1006      return NO_MOID;
1007    } else {
1008      MOID_T *x = MOID (z);
1009      if (is_mode_isnt_well (x)) {
1010        return M_ERROR;
1011      }
1012      x = make_united_mode (x);
1013      if (clause_allows_balancing (ATTRIBUTE (z))) {
1014        return get_balanced_mode (x, STRONG, NO_DEPREF, deflex);
1015      } else {
1016        return x;
1017      }
1018    }
1019  }
1020  
1021  //! @brief Insert coercion "a" in the tree.
1022  
1023  void make_coercion (NODE_T * l, int a, MOID_T * m)
1024  {
1025    make_sub (l, l, a);
1026    MOID (l) = depref_rows (MOID (l), m);
1027  }
1028  
1029  //! @brief Make widening coercion.
1030  
1031  void make_widening_coercion (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1032  {
1033    MOID_T *z = widens_to (p, q);
1034    make_coercion (n, WIDENING, z);
1035    if (z != q) {
1036      make_widening_coercion (n, z, q);
1037    }
1038  }
1039  
1040  //! @brief Make ref rowing coercion.
1041  
1042  void make_ref_rowing_coercion (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1043  {
1044    if (DEFLEX (p) != DEFLEX (q)) {
1045      if (is_widenable (p, q)) {
1046        make_widening_coercion (n, p, q);
1047      } else if (is_ref_row (q)) {
1048        make_ref_rowing_coercion (n, p, NAME (q));
1049        make_coercion (n, ROWING, q);
1050      }
1051    }
1052  }
1053  
1054  //! @brief Make rowing coercion.
1055  
1056  void make_rowing_coercion (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1057  {
1058    if (DEFLEX (p) != DEFLEX (q)) {
1059      if (is_widenable (p, q)) {
1060        make_widening_coercion (n, p, q);
1061      } else if (SLICE (q) != NO_MOID) {
1062        make_rowing_coercion (n, p, SLICE (q));
1063        make_coercion (n, ROWING, q);
1064      } else if (IS_FLEX (q)) {
1065        make_rowing_coercion (n, p, SUB (q));
1066      } else if (is_ref_row (q)) {
1067        make_ref_rowing_coercion (n, p, q);
1068      }
1069    }
1070  }
1071  
1072  //! @brief Make uniting coercion.
1073  
1074  void make_uniting_coercion (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * q)
1075  {
1076    make_coercion (n, UNITING, derow (q));
1077    if (IS_ROW (q) || IS_FLEX (q)) {
1078      make_rowing_coercion (n, derow (q), q);
1079    }
1080  }
1081  
1082  //! @brief Make depreffing coercion.
1083  
1084  void make_depreffing_coercion (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1085  {
1086    if (DEFLEX (p) == DEFLEX (q)) {
1087      return;
1088    } else if (q == M_SIMPLOUT && is_printable_mode (p)) {
1089      make_coercion (n, UNITING, q);
1090    } else if (q == M_ROW_SIMPLOUT && is_printable_mode (p)) {
1091      make_coercion (n, UNITING, M_SIMPLOUT);
1092      make_coercion (n, ROWING, M_ROW_SIMPLOUT);
1093    } else if (q == M_SIMPLIN && is_readable_mode (p)) {
1094      make_coercion (n, UNITING, q);
1095    } else if (q == M_ROW_SIMPLIN && is_readable_mode (p)) {
1096      make_coercion (n, UNITING, M_SIMPLIN);
1097      make_coercion (n, ROWING, M_ROW_SIMPLIN);
1098    } else if (q == M_ROWS && is_rows_type (p)) {
1099      make_coercion (n, UNITING, M_ROWS);
1100      MOID (n) = M_ROWS;
1101    } else if (is_widenable (p, q)) {
1102      make_widening_coercion (n, p, q);
1103    } else if (is_unitable (p, derow (q), SAFE_DEFLEXING)) {
1104      make_uniting_coercion (n, q);
1105    } else if (is_ref_row (q) && is_strong_name (p, q)) {
1106      make_ref_rowing_coercion (n, p, q);
1107    } else if (SLICE (q) != NO_MOID && is_strong_slice (p, q)) {
1108      make_rowing_coercion (n, p, q);
1109    } else if (IS_FLEX (q) && is_strong_slice (p, q)) {
1110      make_rowing_coercion (n, p, q);
1111    } else if (IS_REF (p)) {
1112      MOID_T *r = depref_once (p);
1113      make_coercion (n, DEREFERENCING, r);
1114      make_depreffing_coercion (n, r, q);
1115    } else if (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
1116      MOID_T *r = SUB (p);
1117      make_coercion (n, DEPROCEDURING, r);
1118      make_depreffing_coercion (n, r, q);
1119    } else if (p != q) {
1120      cannot_coerce (n, p, q, NO_SORT, SKIP_DEFLEXING, 0);
1121    }
1122  }
1123  
1124  //! @brief Whether p is a nonproc mode (that is voided directly).
1125  
1126  BOOL_T is_nonproc (MOID_T * p)
1127  {
1128    if (IS (p, PROC_SYMBOL) && PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
1129      return A68_FALSE;
1130    } else if (IS_REF (p)) {
1131      return is_nonproc (SUB (p));
1132    } else {
1133      return A68_TRUE;
1134    }
1135  }
1136  
1137  //! @brief Make_void: voiden in an appropriate way.
1138  
1139  void make_void (NODE_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1140  {
1141    switch (ATTRIBUTE (p)) {
1142    case ASSIGNATION:
1143    case IDENTITY_RELATION:
1144    case GENERATOR:
1145    case CAST:
1146    case DENOTATION: {
1147        make_coercion (p, VOIDING, M_VOID);
1148        return;
1149      }
1150    }
1151  // MORFs are an involved case.
1152    switch (ATTRIBUTE (p)) {
1153    case SELECTION:
1154    case SLICE:
1155    case ROUTINE_TEXT:
1156    case FORMULA:
1157    case CALL:
1158    case IDENTIFIER: {
1159  // A nonproc moid value is eliminated directly.
1160        if (is_nonproc (q)) {
1161          make_coercion (p, VOIDING, M_VOID);
1162          return;
1163        } else {
1164  // Descend the chain of e.g. REF PROC .. until a nonproc moid remains.
1165          MOID_T *z = q;
1166          while (!is_nonproc (z)) {
1167            if (IS_REF (z)) {
1168              make_coercion (p, DEREFERENCING, SUB (z));
1169            }
1170            if (IS (z, PROC_SYMBOL) && NODE_PACK (p) == NO_PACK) {
1171              make_coercion (p, DEPROCEDURING, SUB (z));
1172            }
1173            z = SUB (z);
1174          }
1175          if (z != M_VOID) {
1176            make_coercion (p, VOIDING, M_VOID);
1177          }
1178          return;
1179        }
1180      }
1181    }
1182  // All other is voided straight away.
1183    make_coercion (p, VOIDING, M_VOID);
1184  }
1185  
1186  //! @brief Make strong coercion.
1187  
1188  void make_strong (NODE_T * n, MOID_T * p, MOID_T * q)
1189  {
1190    if (q == M_VOID && p != M_VOID) {
1191      make_void (n, p);
1192    } else {
1193      make_depreffing_coercion (n, p, q);
1194    }
1195  }
1196  
     


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